[unable to retrieve full-text content]Some archaeologists and historians worry that the next generation to visit the moon might carelessly obliterate the site of one of humanity?s greatest accomplishments.
?Leaders of nine business trade groups sent a letter to state lawmakers and?Gov. Rick Scott?on Monday, asking them to pass the controversial, recently re-tuned resort destination bill.
The groups have united with a well-known pitch that focuses on three pros of the Destination Resorts Act. The groups say the construction of up to three casino-resorts in Florida will:?1) Create jobs?2) Boost Florida's economy and?3) Reform Florida's gambling landscape (with a gaming commission and tighter regulation).
The following groups put their John Hancock on the letter:?
Associated Industries of Florida; Florida Transportation Builders Association;?Builders Association of South Florida;?Florida Retired Workers Association;?Florida United Business Association;?South Florida AGC;?Florida Concrete & Product Association;?Latin Builders Association;?Associated Builders & Contractors of Florida;?Construction Association of South Florida.
Other business groups, like the?Florida Chamber of Commerce,?Florida Retail Federation?and the?Florida Restaurants & Lodging Association, are opposed to the bill. The?Miami-Dade Chamber of Commerce, which said it would support new casino resorts with additional stipulations to those currently in the bill, did not sign the letter.
Here's a?story?about some of the top priorities of the business lobby this session, including gambling legislation.?
Here's a copy of the letter:?Download BizGroupProGamblingLetter1-9-12
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>>>an estimated 250 million viewer also tune in to watch the
golden globes
a week from sunday. for a third year in a row,
british comedianricky gervais
will serve as host. remember the fallout from last year? i caught up with him on monday for an exclusive interview. when
ricky gervais
took to the podium in
2011
to host the
golden globe awards
for the second time it was clear the gloves were off.
>>please welcome
ashton kutcher
's dad,
bruce willis
. talking of the
walking dead
, congratulations to
hugh hefner
, two heterosexual actors pretending to be gay.
>> reporter: some of his remarks left the a-list audience speechless, he has the last laugh as he's invited to host round three. you like the tight wire?
>>that's my adrenalin rush.
>>did you feel that going into the second time hosting them?
>>every time i go live or tv or an interview i think i could always say the wrong thing. the thing is with me is there's always two
little people
in my head, one's going, go on, say it, whatever you like. the other one's going why take the risk? might be funny. might be a hero. but you might be living in a car. you know? which wins.
>>you did promise you were never going to do it again.
>>i did, and this is, no one believes me now. now this will be the last time i think, last time for a while at least. but what really tipped the balance was all the people who said i'd never be invited back.
>>exactly. just dare me.
>>people should know that reverse eye coming works better than that. i don't like it when he does that. don't you? well here's some more.
>>here are some of the comments.
robert downey jr
. got up and called your jokes hugely mean-spirited with mildly sinister undertones. "time" magazine, there's a fine line and another, the front-runner for the show's worst host
>>i suggested
charlie sheen
might like a night out. it's going to be a night of party and heavy drinking or as
charlie sheen
calls it breakfast. many of you know him best as the
betty ford clinic
and
los angeles county
jail. please welcome
robert downey jr
.
robert downey jr
. spent some time in clinics and he did. i'm not judging him by that. it's a joke.
>>and i don't want to make anybody think there weren't some rave reviews.
jon stewart
, a lot of people have an awful lot of respect for
jon stewart
.
>>i was offended that a comedian could be that funny on the globe show. ricky was hilarious.
>>as soon as i heard you were going to do it again, one of two things are going to happen, he's going to tone it down and not risk the controversy or he's going to go in there with his freaking guns blazing.
>>again there's no contest, and the controversy is irrelevant to me. that's people's opinions outside my jokes. i do it my way, i get lead on everything.
>>you get to do
whatever you want
.
>>and they don't know what i'm going to say and won't know what i'm going to say until i say it.
>>when you're on stage, am i watching
ricky gervais
or am i watching a cha, that you've created who happens to share the same name?
>>the guy on stage is a lot brasher, more arrogant, more confident than me. i tack a deep breath and go out with swagger.
>>sunday night the 15th we'll see that swagger?
>>yep. i might even really be drunk.
>>we're going to have much more of our interview with ricky next week, more on his rise to fame and foray into
pop music
.
Flatworms' minimalist approach to cell division reveals molecular architecture of human centrosomePublic release date: 5-Jan-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Gina Kirchweger gxk@stowers.org 816-806-1036 Stowers Institute for Medical Research
KANSAS CITY, MO -- Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco and the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have discovered that planarians, tiny flatworms fabled for their regenerative powers, completely lack centrosomes, cellular structures that organize the network of microtubules that pulls chromosomes apart during cell division.
The flatworms' unique and unexpected characteristic, detailed in the Jan. 5, 2012 issue of Science Express, not only allowed lead author Juliette Azimzadeh, Ph.D., to identify a large set of conserved proteins required for centriole assembly in human cells but it also indicates that centrosomes, long thought to be required primarily for cellular functions such as cell division, have been retained in other animal species to coordinate specific developmental rather than cellular processes.
"It came as a surprise to all of us that planarians could get rid of centrosomes without affecting their regenerative potential," says Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Stowers investigator Alejandro Snchez Alvarado, Ph.D. "It suggests to us that the evolutionary pressure to maintain centrosomes may have very little to do with cell division itself. There may be another function for centrosomes that is still obscured."
Centrosomes are composed of two centrioles, which are arranged perpendicular to each other and are surrounded by an amorphous mass of proteins known as the pericentriolar material. Each centriole consists of nine microtubule triplets that are assembled into a hollow structure resembling a cartwheel. Although the molecular composition of the centrosome has been determined in human and flies, the function of most components is still unclear.
Complicating matters is the fact centrioles pull double duty: In addition to forming the core of centrosomes, they serve as anchor points for ciliatiny projections on the surface of cells that not only help move fluid and mucus around the brain, lung, eye and kidney and propel eggs down fallopian tubes, but are also essential to sight, smell, mechanosensation and intercellular signaling. Not surprisingly, a number of diseases trace their origins to defects in ciliogenesis.
Flatworms like the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea use ciliated cells lining their pharynx or underside to keep food or themselves moving. "The fact that centrioles were retained in this organism while centrosomes were lost, really speaks to the idea that centrioles evolved primarily for making cilia, and not for their mitotic functions. " says senior author Wallace Marshall, Ph.D., an associate professor in the Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics at UCSF, who is particularly interested in the function and duplication of centrioles.
To determine which centrosome components are required for the assembly and function of its centriole core, Azimzadeh, a postdoctoral researcher in the lab of Marshall, decided to join forces with Snchez Alvarado and take advantage of planarians' ease of genetic manipulation.
When she shut down two planarian homologues of genes known to be required for centrosome assembly in other species, she found that the formation of cilia was perturbed. "But surprisingly, these animals had no regeneration defects," says Azimzadeh.
The remarkable ability of planarians to regenerate whole animals from almost any part of their body requires the proliferation of so-called neoblasts, a population of totipotent stem cells and the only cells to undergo cell division. "We thought that when we silenced those genes, cell division would be inhibited and planaria wouldn't be able to regenerate," explains Snchez Alvarado. "You would expect to see a drop in the number of cells that undergo cell division. But the numbers are fine."
When Azimzadeh scrutinized normal flatworms for the presence of centrioles with the help of immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, she couldn't detect centrioles in any other cell type with the exception of ciliated cells. "Our results indicate that planarians don't assemble centrosomes," says Azimzadeh. "The absence of centrioles in dividing cells implies that planarians do not use the pathway for centriole duplication that underlies centrosome reproduction in other animals, but only assemble centrioles de novo during the differentiation of ciliated cells."
Based on this finding, the researchers predicted that proteins specifically required for centrosome duplication and function should have been eliminated from the planarian genome during evolution. An extensive search for planarian homologs for known human centromere components revealed that eight out of 55 centrosome signature proteins that were unequivocally present in the last common ancestor are missing from the planarian genome.
On the flip-side, the researchers hypothesized, components of the human centrosome for which homologs are still present in planarians should be required for either de novo assembly of centrioles or for ciliogenesis. When Azimzadeh systematically knocked down these genes, the majority led to ciliary-based motility defects likely caused by misassembled or malfunctioning centrioles.
"The fact that we could use planarians to identify functions for human genes that didn't have known functions before, really emphasizes the importance of evolutionary and developmental perspectives in addressing cellular mechanisms," says Snchez Alvarado.
###
Researchers who also contributed to the work include Mei Lie Wong in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of California, San Francisco and Diane Miller Downhour in the Department of Genetics at the University of Utah School of Medicine in Salt Lake City, Utah.
The work was supported in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the W.M. Keck Foundation and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.
About the Stowers Institute for Medical Research
The Stowers Institute for Medical Research is a non-profit, basic biomedical research organization dedicated to improving human health by studying the fundamental processes of life. Jim Stowers, founder of American Century Investments, and his wife Virginia opened the Institute in 2000. Since then, the Institute has spent over 800 million dollars in pursuit of its mission.
Currently the Institute is home to over 500 researchers and support personnel; over 20 independent research programs; and more than a dozen technology development and core facilities. Learn more about the Institute at www.stowers.org.
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Flatworms' minimalist approach to cell division reveals molecular architecture of human centrosomePublic release date: 5-Jan-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Gina Kirchweger gxk@stowers.org 816-806-1036 Stowers Institute for Medical Research
KANSAS CITY, MO -- Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco and the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have discovered that planarians, tiny flatworms fabled for their regenerative powers, completely lack centrosomes, cellular structures that organize the network of microtubules that pulls chromosomes apart during cell division.
The flatworms' unique and unexpected characteristic, detailed in the Jan. 5, 2012 issue of Science Express, not only allowed lead author Juliette Azimzadeh, Ph.D., to identify a large set of conserved proteins required for centriole assembly in human cells but it also indicates that centrosomes, long thought to be required primarily for cellular functions such as cell division, have been retained in other animal species to coordinate specific developmental rather than cellular processes.
"It came as a surprise to all of us that planarians could get rid of centrosomes without affecting their regenerative potential," says Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Stowers investigator Alejandro Snchez Alvarado, Ph.D. "It suggests to us that the evolutionary pressure to maintain centrosomes may have very little to do with cell division itself. There may be another function for centrosomes that is still obscured."
Centrosomes are composed of two centrioles, which are arranged perpendicular to each other and are surrounded by an amorphous mass of proteins known as the pericentriolar material. Each centriole consists of nine microtubule triplets that are assembled into a hollow structure resembling a cartwheel. Although the molecular composition of the centrosome has been determined in human and flies, the function of most components is still unclear.
Complicating matters is the fact centrioles pull double duty: In addition to forming the core of centrosomes, they serve as anchor points for ciliatiny projections on the surface of cells that not only help move fluid and mucus around the brain, lung, eye and kidney and propel eggs down fallopian tubes, but are also essential to sight, smell, mechanosensation and intercellular signaling. Not surprisingly, a number of diseases trace their origins to defects in ciliogenesis.
Flatworms like the freshwater planarian Schmidtea mediterranea use ciliated cells lining their pharynx or underside to keep food or themselves moving. "The fact that centrioles were retained in this organism while centrosomes were lost, really speaks to the idea that centrioles evolved primarily for making cilia, and not for their mitotic functions. " says senior author Wallace Marshall, Ph.D., an associate professor in the Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics at UCSF, who is particularly interested in the function and duplication of centrioles.
To determine which centrosome components are required for the assembly and function of its centriole core, Azimzadeh, a postdoctoral researcher in the lab of Marshall, decided to join forces with Snchez Alvarado and take advantage of planarians' ease of genetic manipulation.
When she shut down two planarian homologues of genes known to be required for centrosome assembly in other species, she found that the formation of cilia was perturbed. "But surprisingly, these animals had no regeneration defects," says Azimzadeh.
The remarkable ability of planarians to regenerate whole animals from almost any part of their body requires the proliferation of so-called neoblasts, a population of totipotent stem cells and the only cells to undergo cell division. "We thought that when we silenced those genes, cell division would be inhibited and planaria wouldn't be able to regenerate," explains Snchez Alvarado. "You would expect to see a drop in the number of cells that undergo cell division. But the numbers are fine."
When Azimzadeh scrutinized normal flatworms for the presence of centrioles with the help of immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, she couldn't detect centrioles in any other cell type with the exception of ciliated cells. "Our results indicate that planarians don't assemble centrosomes," says Azimzadeh. "The absence of centrioles in dividing cells implies that planarians do not use the pathway for centriole duplication that underlies centrosome reproduction in other animals, but only assemble centrioles de novo during the differentiation of ciliated cells."
Based on this finding, the researchers predicted that proteins specifically required for centrosome duplication and function should have been eliminated from the planarian genome during evolution. An extensive search for planarian homologs for known human centromere components revealed that eight out of 55 centrosome signature proteins that were unequivocally present in the last common ancestor are missing from the planarian genome.
On the flip-side, the researchers hypothesized, components of the human centrosome for which homologs are still present in planarians should be required for either de novo assembly of centrioles or for ciliogenesis. When Azimzadeh systematically knocked down these genes, the majority led to ciliary-based motility defects likely caused by misassembled or malfunctioning centrioles.
"The fact that we could use planarians to identify functions for human genes that didn't have known functions before, really emphasizes the importance of evolutionary and developmental perspectives in addressing cellular mechanisms," says Snchez Alvarado.
###
Researchers who also contributed to the work include Mei Lie Wong in the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at the University of California, San Francisco and Diane Miller Downhour in the Department of Genetics at the University of Utah School of Medicine in Salt Lake City, Utah.
The work was supported in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, the W.M. Keck Foundation and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences.
About the Stowers Institute for Medical Research
The Stowers Institute for Medical Research is a non-profit, basic biomedical research organization dedicated to improving human health by studying the fundamental processes of life. Jim Stowers, founder of American Century Investments, and his wife Virginia opened the Institute in 2000. Since then, the Institute has spent over 800 million dollars in pursuit of its mission.
Currently the Institute is home to over 500 researchers and support personnel; over 20 independent research programs; and more than a dozen technology development and core facilities. Learn more about the Institute at www.stowers.org.
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?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Lesbian Miss California USA entrant makes history, doesn't win bit.ly/75TB7 
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Public release date: 5-Jan-2012
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